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标题:
[求助]无码间串扰的传输条件
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时间:
2011-8-19 11:21
作者:
tianyuzk
标题:
[求助]无码间串扰的传输条件
怎样理解传输系统的带宽与码元的零点带宽之间的关系?
时间:
2011-8-19 13:18
作者:
keendream
<span style=\"font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \"Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\"><font size=\"3\" face=\"SimSun\">实际上,带宽与速率在表征传输能力上是完全相同的,只是二者出发角度不同。带宽,顾名思义,频带的宽度,是频域的一个概念;而速率,表示数字信号的码元波特率,是时域内的一个概念,二者有着非常密切的关系(分析如下):</font></span>
<font size=\"3\"><font face=\"SimSun\"><span lang=EN-US><span style=\"mso-tab-count: 1\"> </span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \"Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">宽度为</span><span lang=EN-US>T</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \"Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">的脉冲,它是由无穷多个频率分量组成,信号与系统中的分析如下:</span></font></font>
<font size=\"3\"><font face=\"SimSun\"><span lang=EN-US>F(</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体\">ω</span><span lang=EN-US>)=</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体\">г</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt\" lang=EN-US>Sa(</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体\">гω<span lang=EN-US>/2</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt\" lang=EN-US>), Sa(</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体\">гω<span lang=EN-US>/2</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt\" lang=EN-US>)</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体\">表示<span lang=EN-US>sin(</span>гω<span lang=EN-US>/2)/( </span>гω<span lang=EN-US>/2),</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \"Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">我们可以看出,一个数字信号的频谱是无穷宽的,但大部分能量集中在</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \"Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt\">(</span><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt\" lang=EN-US>-</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体\">π<span lang=EN-US>/</span>г—</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体\">π<span lang=EN-US>/</span>г)之间。现在我们假设г变成г¹,г¹<span lang=EN-US><</span>г也就是码元的宽度变窄,由</span><span lang=EN-US>F(</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体\">ω</span><span lang=EN-US>)=</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体\">г¹</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt\" lang=EN-US>Sa(</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体\">г¹ω<span lang=EN-US>/2</span></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt\" lang=EN-US>)</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体\" lang=EN-US> </span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体\">可知:<span lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = \"urn:schemas-microsoft-com
ffice
ffice\" /><o:p></o:p></span></span></font></font>
<font size=\"3\"><font face=\"SimSun\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体\" lang=EN-US><o:p> </o:p></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体\" lang=EN-US><o:p> </o:p></span><span lang=EN-US><o:p> </o:p></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \"Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">他的主频带区的宽度要大于宽度为</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体\">г的码元,我们可有这样一个预感,假设г继续减小成一理想的冲击δ<span lang=EN-US>(t),</span>它的频带将在<b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\">ω</b></span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \"Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\">轴上展开。</span></font></font>
<span style=\"font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \"Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\"><font size=\"3\" face=\"SimSun\"></font></span>
<span style=\"font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \"Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\"><strong><font size=\"3\"><font face=\"SimSun\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \"Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA\">一个数字序列是由一系列的单个的码元组成,它频宽最大就等于单个脉冲所占用的频宽,又因为数字序列的速率</span><span style=\"font-family: \"Times New Roman\'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA\" lang=EN-US>V=1/</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: \"Times New Roman\'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA\">г,г愈小,速率就愈大,</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \"Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA\">占用的频宽</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: \"Times New Roman\'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA\">就愈宽</span><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \"Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA\">。</span></font></font></strong></span>
<span style=\"font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \"Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \"Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA\"><font size=\"3\" face=\"SimSun\"></font></span></strong></span>
<span style=\"font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \"Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \"Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA\">
<font size=\"3\"><font face=\"SimSun\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; font-weight: normal; mso-ascii-font-family: \"Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">由以上的结论中,我们知道要想完成高速率传输,必须使传输介质支持较宽的频带,也就是说在一个较宽的频率范围内的频率都可以在介质上传输。理论上,一条铜线上能传送任意频率的信号,它的频带也是无穷宽的,但是我们知道,铜线上由于分布电容和分布电感的存在,对较高和较低的频率的抑制和衰减比较严重,所以也就制约了线路的带宽。</span><span style=\"font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\" lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></font></font>
<font size=\"3\"><font face=\"SimSun\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; font-weight: normal; mso-ascii-font-family: \"Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">另外值得提及的是时散问题,我们已经讨论了数字信号有一定的带宽,不同频率在线上的传输的速度也稍有差异,距离越长,到对端后,不同频率之间的相对位置(实际上是不同频率相位的变化量不同)与在发送端相比差别越大,导致了信号在时域上发生扩展。</span><span style=\"font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\" lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></font></font>
<font size=\"3\"><font face=\"SimSun\"><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \"Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA\">另外,由于较高和较低的频带的抑制和衰减比较严重,经一段距离到达对端后,两极端的频率分量严重衰减,此时相当于频带变窄,表现在时域上,就是码元宽度变宽,时间也发生扩展了。</span></b>(</font></font></span></strong></span>
<font size=\"3\"><span style=\"font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: \"Times New Roman\'; mso-hansi-font-family: \'Times New Roman\'\"></span></font>
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